Your primary doctor will ask about your medical history, risk factors and symptoms. You will also undergo a physical exam. Many patients undergo regular prostate cancer screening before symptoms appear. Screening may involve one or more of the following tests:. There are many treatment options for cancer limited to the prostate gland. You and your doctor should carefully consider each option. Standard treatments include:. Advanced treatment options may avoid or minimize some of the side effects associated with standard therapies.
These options include:. For more information see Prostate Cancer Treatment. Doctors often successfully treat prostate cancer. Sometimes, however, the disease returns recurs. Conventional imaging, such as MRI or ultrasound, cannot locate recurring prostate cancer when it is small.
Identifying the exact location and extent of the disease at an early state is vital. It allows doctors to specifically target the cancer and limit exposure to healthy tissues. Prostate-specific membrane antigen PSMA is a protein that helps develop prostate cancer. Doctors are studying Lutetium PSMA therapy in clinical trials for use in treating prostate cancer.
Neither of these procedures has FDA approval yet. Please type your comment or suggestion into the text box below. Note: we are unable to answer specific questions or offer individual medical advice or opinions. Please contact your physician with specific medical questions or for a referral to a radiologist or other physician. To locate a medical imaging or radiation oncology provider in your community, you can search the ACR-accredited facilities database. This website does not provide cost information.
The costs for specific medical imaging tests, treatments and procedures may vary by geographic region. Web page review process: This Web page is reviewed regularly by a physician with expertise in the medical area presented and is further reviewed by committees from the Radiological Society of North America RSNA and the American College of Radiology ACR , comprising physicians with expertise in several radiologic areas.
Outside links: For the convenience of our users, RadiologyInfo. Toggle navigation. What is prostate cancer? How is prostate cancer diagnosed and evaluated? How is prostate cancer treated? Are there any new developments in the treatment of prostate cancer? Which test, procedure or treatment is best for me? Risk factors of prostate cancer include: Age Race, especially men of African American descent Obesity Family history of prostate cancer Diet high in fats from red meat History of sexually transmitted disease STD Prostate cancer shows few symptoms until its advanced stages.
These symptoms include: Blood in urine or semen Lower back, pelvic or hip pain Urination issues Erectile dysfunction In some cases of early prostate cancer, there are no symptoms. Screening may involve one or more of the following tests: Prostate-specific antigen PSA : This test analyzes a blood sample for levels of PSA, a protein the prostate produces.
Higher PSA levels could indicate cancer is present. Digital Rectal Exam DRE : This test examines the lower rectum and the prostate gland to check for abnormalities in size, shape or texture. This is the first page of Cancer. Use the menu to see other pages.
Think of that menu as a roadmap for this complete guide. The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located behind the base of the penis, in front of the rectum, and below the bladder. It surrounds the urethra, the tube-like channel that carries urine and semen through the penis. The prostate's main function is to make seminal fluid, the liquid in semen that protects, supports, and helps transport sperm.
The prostate continues to enlarge as people age. This can lead to a condition called benign prostatic hypertrophy BPH , which is when the urethra becomes blocked. BPH is a common condition associated with growing older, and it has not been associated with a greater risk of having prostate cancer.
Cancer begins when healthy cells in the prostate change and grow out of control, forming a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread.
Prostate cancer is somewhat unusual when compared with other types of cancer. This is because many prostate tumors do not spread quickly to other parts of the body. The prostate is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It is about the size of a walnut and surrounds the urethra the tube that empties urine from the bladder.
It produces fluid that makes up a part of semen. As a man ages, the prostate tends to increase in size. This can cause the urethra to narrow and decrease urine flow. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia, and it is not the same as prostate cancer. Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate gland, which is located just below the bladder in males and surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder urethra.
This illustration shows a normal prostate gland and a prostate with a tumor. Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate.
The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland in males that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Many prostate cancers grow slowly and are confined to the prostate gland, where they may not cause serious harm. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly.
Prostate cancer that's detected early — when it's still confined to the prostate gland — has the best chance for successful treatment. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any persistent signs or symptoms that worry you. The prostate gland is located just below the bladder in men and surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder urethra.
The prostate's primary function is to produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm seminal fluid. Doctors know that prostate cancer begins when cells in the prostate develop changes in their DNA. A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. The changes tell the cells to grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells do. The abnormal cells continue living, when other cells would die. The accumulating abnormal cells form a tumor that can grow to invade nearby tissue.
In time, some abnormal cells can break away and spread metastasize to other parts of the body. Choose a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables.
Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Fruits and vegetables contain many vitamins and nutrients that can contribute to your health. Whether you can prevent prostate cancer through diet has yet to be conclusively proved.
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