Further information can be found in the section on Measuring the data. Experimental estimates based on returns for individual weeks suggest that the employment rate remained steady through June. Further details of the experimental weekly figures can be found in the Single-month and weekly Labour Force Survey estimates bulletin. The increase in the employment rate for women in recent years is partly a result of changes to the State Pension age for women, resulting in fewer women retiring between the ages of 60 and 65 years.
However, since the equalisation of the State Pension age, the employment rate for women had continued to rise prior to the impact of the coronavirus COVID Estimates for April to June show This annual increase was mainly driven by women in employment up by , on the year to Employment decreased by , on the quarter. This is the largest quarterly decrease since May to July Both men and women in employment decreased on the quarter, by , and 85, respectively.
The decrease in men's employment was the largest since July to September The quarterly decrease in employment was also driven by workers aged 65 years and over down by a record , to 1.
Meanwhile, full-time employees up by a record , largely offset the decrease. Figure 2: Employment levels for those 16 to 24 years and 65 years and over decreased, particularly since January to March , while the levels for those aged 25 to 64 years increased UK change in employment level by age aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 2: Employment levels for those 16 to 24 years and 65 years and over decreased, particularly since January to March , while the levels for those aged 25 to 64 years increased Image.
Looking more closely at the decreases in employment over the quarter, those aged 16 to 24 years decreased by , to 3. This was partially offset by those aged 25 to 64 years, who increased by 41, on the quarter to Figure 3: Record quarterly decrease for part-time workers UK employment percentage growth for full-time and part-time workers aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, April to June compared with April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 3: Record quarterly decrease for part-time workers Image.
The number of full-time workers has continued to increase by , on the year and , on the quarter to a record high of In contrast, the number of part-time workers decreased by a record , on the year and a record , on the quarter to 8. Figure 4: Record quarterly decrease for self-employed workers UK employment percentage growth for employees and self-employed people aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, April to June compared with April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 4: Record quarterly decrease for self-employed workers Image.
Looking at the estimates for April to June by type of employment Figure 4 ,the number of self-employed has shown a sharp fall, which is not reflected in employees:. The total employment figure also includes two other minor categories, as explained in the Guide to labour market statistics. Figure 5: Record quarterly decrease for full-time self-employed men and part-time employee women UK quarterly changes for total in employment, full-time and part-time employees, full-time and part-time self-employed by sex aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between January to March and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 5: Record quarterly decrease for full-time self-employed men and part-time employee women Image.
Looking more closely at the quarterly decrease in men's employment, full-time self-employed men down by a record , to 2. The decrease in women's employment was driven by part-time employee women down by a record , to 5. While the Labour Force Survey LFS estimate of self-employment is showing record decreases, the number of employees in employment continues to increase for April to June , with the number of full-time employees reaching a record high of Figure 6: The number of employees in public administration and financial activities increased, offsetting employees in accommodation and food services Employees and self-employed by industry, UK not seasonally adjusted , thousands, between January to March and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 6: The number of employees in public administration and financial activities increased, offsetting employees in accommodation and food services Image.
Looking more closely at the increase in employees over the quarter Figure 6 , the main rises were in public administration, defence and social security up , on the quarter, or 6.
This was partially offset by employees in accommodation and food service activities, which declined by ,, or 8. The decrease in the self-employed over the quarter was driven by construction down 57,, or 6. Figure 7: Private sector employment had increased over the past five years, but declined over the most recent quarter Public sector and private sector employment growth, UK not seasonally adjusted , between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 7: Private sector employment had increased over the past five years, but declined over the most recent quarter Image.
The number reporting employment in the public sector has been increasing since January to March Between January to March and April to June , public sector workers increased by , to a record high of 7. The number reporting employment in the private sector had been increasing since April to June , however, this decreased between January to March and April to June by , to As the distinction between public and private sector in the LFS is based on respondents' views about the organisations for which they work, these movements may in part be the result of changes in self-classification rather than a change in job.
Figure 8: The number of self-employed people changing employment status to employees is at a record high Self-employed to employee flows, UK aged 16 to 64 years , not seasonally adjusted, between July to September and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure 8: The number of self-employed people changing employment status to employees is at a record high Image.
Labour market flows estimates show the increasing number of employees and decreasing number of self-employed between January to March and April to June was driven in part by a movement of people from self-employed to employee status. Employment status on LFS is self-reported, with people classifying themselves as being either an employee or self-employed.
The number of people who changed from reporting themselves as self-employed to an employee increased by 48, on the quarter and 81, on the year to a record high of , Figure 8. Of these, the number who had changed jobs had not increased from normal levels. Consequently some of the fall in self-employment comes from an increase in the number of people who have changed to classifying themselves as an employee, even though they have not changed jobs.
Since , the number of non-UK nationals from outside the EU has been largely flat, with a slight increase since October to December However, the series had been broadly flat since the latter half of This is the lowest level since October to December EU nationals working in the UK make up a higher proportion of the accommodation and food service activities industry than other industries.
Figure 6 highlighted this industry as being most affected by coronavirus lockdown measures, and so may provide some explanation for the decrease in the number of EU nationals working in the UK between January to March and April to June Figure Employment in routine, semi-routine, lower supervisory and technical occupations, and small employers and own account workers fell over the past year Employment by National Statistics Socio-economic Classification NS-SEC , UK not seasonally adjusted , percentage growth, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure Employment in routine, semi-routine, lower supervisory and technical occupations, and small employers and own account workers fell over the past year Image.
Looking more closely at changes in employment over the past year, higher managerial and professional, lower managerial and professional, and intermediate occupations have increased steadily. Meanwhile small employers and own account workers, lower supervisory and technical, semi-routine, and routine occupations decreased. The largest decrease was in routine occupations, down , or Figure Number of people on zero-hours contracts has increased to over 1 million People in employment on zero-hours contracts, UK not seasonally adjusted , between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure Number of people on zero-hours contracts has increased to over 1 million Image.
The number of people on zero-hour contracts has been increasing steadily Figure Since April to June , it has increased by , or Those who are underemployed are those who are willing and available to work more hours, and who currently work less than 40 hours per week people aged under 18 years or less than 48 hours per week people aged 18 years and over.
The level of underemployment has increased by , on the year and , on the quarter to 2. Figure The increase in underemployment was driven by those wanting more hours in their current job Underemployment by type, UK not seasonally adjusted , between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure The increase in underemployment was driven by those wanting more hours in their current job Image.
Since estimates began in , total hours worked by women had generally increased, reflecting increases in both the employment rate for women and the UK population. In contrast, total hours worked by men had been relatively stable because of falls in the employment rate for men, and increases in the share of part-time working, roughly offset by population increases.
Workers temporarily absent from a job as a result of the coronavirus COVID pandemic would still be classed as employed, however, they would be employed working no hours. This directly impacted the total actual hours worked in April to June Since the average actual weekly hours are the average of all in employment, those temporarily absent from a job also impacted on those estimates.
Between January to March and April to June , total actual weekly hours worked in the UK decreased by a record This was the largest quarterly decrease since estimates began in , with total hours dropping to its lowest level since September to November The decrease in total actual weekly hours worked over the quarter was mainly driven by the decrease in men's total hours worked down a record Average actual weekly hours fell by a record 5. The average weekly hours worked by men decreased by a record 6.
Figure Largest quarterly decrease in total actual weekly hours since records began in UK total actual weekly hours worked people aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between March to May and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure Largest quarterly decrease in total actual weekly hours since records began in Image.
Experimental estimates based on returns for individual weeks suggest that the average number of weekly hours worked remained low throughout June. Between April to June and April to June , average actual weekly hours fell by 6.
Decreases were observed in all industries apart from agriculture, forestry, and fishing. The largest decrease in average actual weekly hours was in the accommodation and food service activities industry, with a decrease of Other services are made up of arts, entertainment and recreation, households as employers, and other service activities, including personal service activities. Public administration, defence and social security had the smallest annual decrease, of 1.
Figure 15 shows the industries that have experienced the largest reduction in hours because of the coronavirus are also those where this reduction is most understated. For example, using this adjusted imputation methodology, the hours worked in accommodation and food service activities decrease by a further 4.
Figure The largest annual decrease in average actual weekly hours worked was in accommodation and food service activities Average actual weekly hours worked by industry people aged 16 years and over , UK, not seasonally adjusted, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure The largest annual decrease in average actual weekly hours worked was in accommodation and food service activities Image.
Figure Unemployment rates have levelled off over the last year, following a period of decreasing rates UK unemployment rates aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between January to March and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure Unemployment rates have levelled off over the last year, following a period of decreasing rates Image.
Unemployment measures people without a job who have been actively seeking work within the last four weeks and are available to start work within the next two weeks. The unemployment rate is not the proportion of the total population who are unemployed.
It is the proportion of the economically active population those in work plus those seeking and available to work who are unemployed. Estimated unemployment rates for both men and women aged 16 years and over have generally been falling since late but have levelled off in recent periods Figure Experimental estimates based on returns for individual weeks suggest that the unemployment rate throughout June was broadly consistent with other weeks within the quarter.
Further details of the experimental weekly figures can be found in the Single month article. Imputation used for the Labour Force Survey was not designed to deal with the changes experienced in the labour market in recent months.
Experimental work with adjusted methodology suggests the use of the existing methodology has little impact on the unemployment rate less than 0. Figure The steady fall in unemployment rates for men and women over the last few years has levelled in recent periods UK unemployment rates aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure The steady fall in unemployment rates for men and women over the last few years has levelled in recent periods Image.
For April to June , an estimated 1. This is , fewer than five years earlier but 9, more than a year earlier. It was mainly driven by unemployed women up 20, , unemployed people aged 16 to 24 years up 41, and people who have been unemployed for up to six months up , However, this was offset somewhat by people who have been unemployed for over 12 months down , to a record low of , Figure The number of unemployed people aged 16 to 24 years has increased on the year while other age groups remained steady Unemployment in the UK by age aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure The number of unemployed people aged 16 to 24 years has increased on the year while other age groups remained steady Image.
Figure Long-term unemployment continues to fall, while short-term unemployment has increased Unemployment in the UK by duration aged 16 years and over , seasonally adjusted, between April to June and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure Long-term unemployment continues to fall, while short-term unemployment has increased Image.
These moves are consistent with the analysis that some of those who have been unemployed for longer periods may have currently stopped looking for work, therefore suppressing the increase in unemployment. Figure The proportion of people moving from unemployment to inactivity has reached a record high Unemployment to inactivity hazard rates, UK aged 16 to 64 years , seasonally adjusted, between July to September and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Download this chart Figure The proportion of people moving from unemployment to inactivity has reached a record high Image.
Hazard rates describe the gross flow from the second quarter as a percentage of the total stock in the first quarter. Figure 20 shows that nearly a third of those who were unemployed in January to March became economically inactive in April to June This provides further evidence that those who were unemployed have become economically inactive as they have stopped looking for work in the current conditions.
Figure The number of people who are not unemployed, but could potentially be seeking employment, has increased over the quarter Economically inactive who may seek employment and those away from work because of the pandemic and not getting paid aged 16 years and over , UK, not seasonally adjusted, January to March and April to June Source: Office for National Statistics — Labour Force Survey Notes: Primarily those who want a job but are not yet looking, but also includes those who report they do not want a job but either do not believe jobs are available, are not yet looking, or are inactive for some other unspecified reason.
Download this chart Figure The number of people who are not unemployed, but could potentially be seeking employment, has increased over the quarter Image. There were approximately During the provided time period, employment figures peaked in the UK during February at over 33 million, and was it's lowest in May , at just over Loading statistic Show source.
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Show detailed source information? Register for free Already a member? More information. Other statistics on the topic. Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK Economy Unemployment rate of the UK Economy Cumulative number of jobs furloughed under the job retention scheme UK Economy Average full-time hourly wage in the UK Profit from additional features with an Employee Account.
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There are approximately Compared with May , there has been a net increase of over five million full-time workers in the UK, despite significant falls in full-time employment between May and April Loading statistic Show source. Download for free You need to log in to download this statistic Register for free Already a member? Log in. Show detailed source information? Register for free Already a member? More information.
Other statistics on the topic. Economy Average annual earnings for full-time employees in the UK Economy Unemployment rate of the UK Economy Cumulative number of jobs furloughed under the job retention scheme UK Economy Average full-time hourly wage in the UK Profit from additional features with an Employee Account.
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